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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuɲka |
| Genitive: | tuɲkan |
| Dative: | tuɲkalan |
| Accusative: | tuɲkam |
| Comparative: | tuɲkala |
| Comitative: | tuɲkage |
| Inessive: | tuɲkaʃte |
| Illative: | tuɲkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuɲkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuɲkam |
| 2SG: | tuɲkat |
| 3SG: | tuɲkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tuɲkana |
| 2PL: | tuɲkada |
| 3PL: | tuɲkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuɲka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuɲka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuɲkala |
| Sociative Plural: | tuɲkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuɲkam | tuɲka-βlak | tuɲka-βlakem, tuɲkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuɲkamən | tuɲka-βlakən | tuɲka-βlakemən, tuɲkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuɲkamlan, tuɲkalanem | tuɲka-βlaklan | tuɲka-βlakemlan, tuɲkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuɲkaməm | tuɲka-βlakəm | tuɲka-βlakeməm, tuɲkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuɲkamla, tuɲkalam | tuɲka-βlakla | tuɲka-βlakemla, tuɲkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuɲkamge | tuɲka-βlakge | tuɲka-βlakemge, tuɲkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuɲkaʃtem | tuɲka-βlakəʃte | tuɲka-βlakəʃtem, tuɲkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuɲkaʃkem | tuɲka-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuɲka-βlakəʃkem, tuɲkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuɲkaʃem | tuɲka-βlakeʃ | tuɲka-βlakeʃem, tuɲkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||