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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tup-tura |
| Genitive: | tup-turan |
| Dative: | tup-turalan |
| Accusative: | tup-turam |
| Comparative: | tup-turala |
| Comitative: | tup-turage |
| Inessive: | tup-turašte |
| Illative: | tup-turaš(ke) |
| Lative: | tup-turaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tup-turam |
| 2SG: | tup-turat |
| 3SG: | tup-turaž(e) |
| 1PL: | tup-turana |
| 2PL: | tup-turada |
| 3PL: | tup-turašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tup-tura-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tup-tura-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | tup-turala |
| Sociative Plural: | tup-turamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tup-turam | tup-tura-βlak | tup-tura-βlakem, tup-turam-βlak |
| Genitive: | tup-turamə̑n | tup-tura-βlakə̑n | tup-tura-βlakemə̑n, tup-turam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | tup-turamlan, tup-turalanem | tup-tura-βlaklan | tup-tura-βlakemlan, tup-turam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tup-turamə̑m | tup-tura-βlakə̑m | tup-tura-βlakemə̑m, tup-turam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | tup-turamla, tup-turalam | tup-tura-βlakla | tup-tura-βlakemla, tup-turam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tup-turamge | tup-tura-βlakge | tup-tura-βlakemge, tup-turam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tup-turaštem | tup-tura-βlakə̑šte | tup-tura-βlakə̑štem, tup-turam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | tup-turaškem | tup-tura-βlakə̑š(ke) | tup-tura-βlakə̑škem, tup-turam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tup-turašem | tup-tura-βlakeš | tup-tura-βlakešem, tup-turam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||