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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tupjə̑r |
| Genitive: | tupjə̑rə̑n |
| Dative: | tupjə̑rlan |
| Accusative: | tupjə̑rə̑m |
| Comparative: | tupjə̑rla |
| Comitative: | tupjə̑rge |
| Inessive: | tupjə̑rə̑šte |
| Illative: | tupjə̑rə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tupjə̑reš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tupjə̑rem |
| 2SG: | tupjə̑ret |
| 3SG: | tupjə̑rže |
| 1PL: | tupjə̑rna |
| 2PL: | tupjə̑rda |
| 3PL: | tupjə̑rə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tupjə̑r-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tupjə̑r-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | tupjə̑rla |
| Sociative Plural: | tupjə̑rmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tupjə̑rem | tupjə̑r-βlak | tupjə̑r-βlakem, tupjə̑rem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tupjə̑remə̑n | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑n | tupjə̑r-βlakemə̑n, tupjə̑rem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | tupjə̑remlan, tupjə̑rlanem | tupjə̑r-βlaklan | tupjə̑r-βlakemlan, tupjə̑rem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tupjə̑remə̑m | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑m | tupjə̑r-βlakemə̑m, tupjə̑rem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | tupjə̑remla, tupjə̑rlam | tupjə̑r-βlakla | tupjə̑r-βlakemla, tupjə̑rem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tupjə̑remge | tupjə̑r-βlakge | tupjə̑r-βlakemge, tupjə̑rem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tupjə̑rə̑štem | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑šte | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑štem, tupjə̑rem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | tupjə̑rə̑škem | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑š(ke) | tupjə̑r-βlakə̑škem, tupjə̑rem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | tupjə̑rešem | tupjə̑r-βlakeš | tupjə̑r-βlakešem, tupjə̑rem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||