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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tupmeʃak |
| Genitive: | tupmeʃakən |
| Dative: | tupmeʃaklan |
| Accusative: | tupmeʃakəm |
| Comparative: | tupmeʃakla |
| Comitative: | tupmeʃakge |
| Inessive: | tupmeʃakəʃte |
| Illative: | tupmeʃakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tupmeʃakeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tupmeʃakem |
| 2SG: | tupmeʃaket |
| 3SG: | tupmeʃakʃe |
| 1PL: | tupmeʃakna |
| 2PL: | tupmeʃakda |
| 3PL: | tupmeʃakəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tupmeʃak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tupmeʃak-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tupmeʃakla |
| Sociative Plural: | tupmeʃakmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tupmeʃakem | tupmeʃak-βlak | tupmeʃak-βlakem, tupmeʃakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tupmeʃakemən | tupmeʃak-βlakən | tupmeʃak-βlakemən, tupmeʃakem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tupmeʃakemlan, tupmeʃaklanem | tupmeʃak-βlaklan | tupmeʃak-βlakemlan, tupmeʃakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tupmeʃakeməm | tupmeʃak-βlakəm | tupmeʃak-βlakeməm, tupmeʃakem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tupmeʃakemla, tupmeʃaklam | tupmeʃak-βlakla | tupmeʃak-βlakemla, tupmeʃakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tupmeʃakemge | tupmeʃak-βlakge | tupmeʃak-βlakemge, tupmeʃakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tupmeʃakəʃtem | tupmeʃak-βlakəʃte | tupmeʃak-βlakəʃtem, tupmeʃakem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tupmeʃakəʃkem | tupmeʃak-βlakəʃ(ke) | tupmeʃak-βlakəʃkem, tupmeʃakem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tupmeʃakeʃem | tupmeʃak-βlakeʃ | tupmeʃak-βlakeʃem, tupmeʃakem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||