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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tupuj |
| Genitive: | tupujən |
| Dative: | tupujlan |
| Accusative: | tupujəm |
| Comparative: | tupujla |
| Comitative: | tupujge |
| Inessive: | tupujəʃto |
| Illative: | tupujəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | tupujeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tupujem |
| 2SG: | tupujet |
| 3SG: | tupujʒo |
| 1PL: | tupujna |
| 2PL: | tupujda |
| 3PL: | tupujəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tupuj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tupuj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tupujla |
| Sociative Plural: | tupujmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tupujem | tupuj-βlak | tupuj-βlakem, tupujem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tupujemən | tupuj-βlakən | tupuj-βlakemən, tupujem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tupujemlan, tupujlanem | tupuj-βlaklan | tupuj-βlakemlan, tupujem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tupujeməm | tupuj-βlakəm | tupuj-βlakeməm, tupujem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tupujemla, tupujlam | tupuj-βlakla | tupuj-βlakemla, tupujem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tupujemge | tupuj-βlakge | tupuj-βlakemge, tupujem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tupujəʃtem | tupuj-βlakəʃte | tupuj-βlakəʃtem, tupujem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tupujəʃkem | tupuj-βlakəʃ(ke) | tupuj-βlakəʃkem, tupujem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tupujeʃem | tupuj-βlakeʃ | tupuj-βlakeʃem, tupujem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||