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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuʃman |
| Genitive: | tuʃmanən |
| Dative: | tuʃmanlan |
| Accusative: | tuʃmanəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃmanla |
| Comitative: | tuʃmange |
| Inessive: | tuʃmanəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃmanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃmaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuʃmanem |
| 2SG: | tuʃmanet |
| 3SG: | tuʃmanʒe |
| 1PL: | tuʃmanːa |
| 2PL: | tuʃmanda |
| 3PL: | tuʃmanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuʃman-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuʃman-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuʃmanla |
| Sociative Plural: | tuʃmanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuʃmanem | tuʃman-βlak | tuʃman-βlakem, tuʃmanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuʃmanemən | tuʃman-βlakən | tuʃman-βlakemən, tuʃmanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuʃmanemlan, tuʃmanlanem | tuʃman-βlaklan | tuʃman-βlakemlan, tuʃmanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuʃmaneməm | tuʃman-βlakəm | tuʃman-βlakeməm, tuʃmanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃmanemla, tuʃmanlam | tuʃman-βlakla | tuʃman-βlakemla, tuʃmanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuʃmanemge | tuʃman-βlakge | tuʃman-βlakemge, tuʃmanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuʃmanəʃtem | tuʃman-βlakəʃte | tuʃman-βlakəʃtem, tuʃmanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃmanəʃkem | tuʃman-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuʃman-βlakəʃkem, tuʃmanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃmaneʃem | tuʃman-βlakeʃ | tuʃman-βlakeʃem, tuʃmanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||