Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanam | om tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmanat | ot tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmaneš | ok/ogeš tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑t | ogə̑t tušman |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmańə̑m | šə̑m tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmańe | ə̑š tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmanna | ə̑šna tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmanda | ə̑šda tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmańə̑č́ | ə̑št tušman |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanə̑nam | tušmanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tušmanə̑nat | tušmanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tušmanə̑n | tušmanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑nna | tušmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑nda | tušmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑nə̑t | tušmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanam ə̑l'e | om tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmanat ə̑l'e | ot tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tušman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tušman ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanam ulmaš | om tušman ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tušmanat ulmaš | ot tušman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tušman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tušman ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tušman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tušman ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanə̑nam ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmanə̑nat ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmanə̑n ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑nna ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑nda ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | tušmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanə̑nam ulmaš | tušmanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tušmanə̑nat ulmaš | tušmanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmanə̑n ulmaš | tušmanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑nna ulmaš | tušmanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑nda ulmaš | tušmanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | tušmanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tušman | it tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmanže | ə̑nže tušman |
| 1PL: | (tušmanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tušman) |
| 2PL: | tušmanza | ida tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tušman |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmannem | ə̑nem tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmannet | ə̑net tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže | ə̑než tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmannena | ə̑nena tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda | ə̑neda tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt | ə̑nešt tušman |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tušmannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tušman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tušman ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tušmannet ulmaš | ə̑net tušman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže ulmaš | ə̑než tušman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tušman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tušman ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tušmanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tušmanman |
| Active participle: | tušmanše |
| Passive participle: | tušmanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tušmanšaš |
| Negative participle: | tušmandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tušmanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | tušmande |
| Gerund of prior action: | tušmanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tušmanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tušmanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tušmanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tušmandə̑maš |
