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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuʃmanlək |
| Genitive: | tuʃmanləkən |
| Dative: | tuʃmanləklan |
| Accusative: | tuʃmanləkəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃmanləkla |
| Comitative: | tuʃmanləkge |
| Inessive: | tuʃmanləkəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃmanləkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃmanləkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuʃmanləkem |
| 2SG: | tuʃmanləket |
| 3SG: | tuʃmanləkʃe |
| 1PL: | tuʃmanləkna |
| 2PL: | tuʃmanləkda |
| 3PL: | tuʃmanləkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuʃmanlək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuʃmanlək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuʃmanləkla |
| Sociative Plural: | tuʃmanləkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuʃmanləkem | tuʃmanlək-βlak | tuʃmanlək-βlakem, tuʃmanləkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuʃmanləkemən | tuʃmanlək-βlakən | tuʃmanlək-βlakemən, tuʃmanləkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuʃmanləkemlan, tuʃmanləklanem | tuʃmanlək-βlaklan | tuʃmanlək-βlakemlan, tuʃmanləkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuʃmanləkeməm | tuʃmanlək-βlakəm | tuʃmanlək-βlakeməm, tuʃmanləkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃmanləkemla, tuʃmanləklam | tuʃmanlək-βlakla | tuʃmanlək-βlakemla, tuʃmanləkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuʃmanləkemge | tuʃmanlək-βlakge | tuʃmanlək-βlakemge, tuʃmanləkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuʃmanləkəʃtem | tuʃmanlək-βlakəʃte | tuʃmanlək-βlakəʃtem, tuʃmanləkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃmanləkəʃkem | tuʃmanlək-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuʃmanlək-βlakəʃkem, tuʃmanləkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃmanləkeʃem | tuʃmanlək-βlakeʃ | tuʃmanlək-βlakeʃem, tuʃmanləkem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||