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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuʃtan |
| Genitive: | tuʃtanən |
| Dative: | tuʃtanlan |
| Accusative: | tuʃtanəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃtanla |
| Comitative: | tuʃtange |
| Inessive: | tuʃtanəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃtanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃtaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuʃtanem |
| 2SG: | tuʃtanet |
| 3SG: | tuʃtanʒe |
| 1PL: | tuʃtanːa |
| 2PL: | tuʃtanda |
| 3PL: | tuʃtanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuʃtan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuʃtan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuʃtanla |
| Sociative Plural: | tuʃtanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuʃtanem | tuʃtan-βlak | tuʃtan-βlakem, tuʃtanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuʃtanemən | tuʃtan-βlakən | tuʃtan-βlakemən, tuʃtanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuʃtanemlan, tuʃtanlanem | tuʃtan-βlaklan | tuʃtan-βlakemlan, tuʃtanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuʃtaneməm | tuʃtan-βlakəm | tuʃtan-βlakeməm, tuʃtanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuʃtanemla, tuʃtanlam | tuʃtan-βlakla | tuʃtan-βlakemla, tuʃtanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuʃtanemge | tuʃtan-βlakge | tuʃtan-βlakemge, tuʃtanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuʃtanəʃtem | tuʃtan-βlakəʃte | tuʃtan-βlakəʃtem, tuʃtanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuʃtanəʃkem | tuʃtan-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuʃtan-βlakəʃkem, tuʃtanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuʃtaneʃem | tuʃtan-βlakeʃ | tuʃtan-βlakeʃem, tuʃtanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||