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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuŋgəra |
| Genitive: | tuŋgəran |
| Dative: | tuŋgəralan |
| Accusative: | tuŋgəram |
| Comparative: | tuŋgərala |
| Comitative: | tuŋgərage |
| Inessive: | tuŋgəraʃte |
| Illative: | tuŋgəraʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuŋgəraʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuŋgəram |
| 2SG: | tuŋgərat |
| 3SG: | tuŋgəraʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | tuŋgərana |
| 2PL: | tuŋgərada |
| 3PL: | tuŋgəraʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuŋgəra-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuŋgəra-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuŋgərala |
| Sociative Plural: | tuŋgəramət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuŋgəram | tuŋgəra-βlak | tuŋgəra-βlakem, tuŋgəram-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuŋgəramən | tuŋgəra-βlakən | tuŋgəra-βlakemən, tuŋgəram-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuŋgəramlan, tuŋgəralanem | tuŋgəra-βlaklan | tuŋgəra-βlakemlan, tuŋgəram-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuŋgəraməm | tuŋgəra-βlakəm | tuŋgəra-βlakeməm, tuŋgəram-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuŋgəramla, tuŋgəralam | tuŋgəra-βlakla | tuŋgəra-βlakemla, tuŋgəram-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuŋgəramge | tuŋgəra-βlakge | tuŋgəra-βlakemge, tuŋgəram-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuŋgəraʃtem | tuŋgəra-βlakəʃte | tuŋgəra-βlakəʃtem, tuŋgəram-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuŋgəraʃkem | tuŋgəra-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuŋgəra-βlakəʃkem, tuŋgəram-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuŋgəraʃem | tuŋgəra-βlakeʃ | tuŋgəra-βlakeʃem, tuŋgəram-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||