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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuməʃ |
| Genitive: | tuməʃən |
| Dative: | tuməʃlan |
| Accusative: | tuməʃəm |
| Comparative: | tuməʃla |
| Comitative: | tuməʃge |
| Inessive: | tuməʃto, tuməʃəʃto |
| Illative: | tuməʃko, tuməʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | tuməʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuməʃem |
| 2SG: | tuməʃet |
| 3SG: | tuməʃːo, tuməʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | tuməʃna |
| 2PL: | tuməʃda |
| 3PL: | tuməʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuməʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuməʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuməʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | tuməʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuməʃem | tuməʃ-βlak | tuməʃ-βlakem, tuməʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuməʃemən | tuməʃ-βlakən | tuməʃ-βlakemən, tuməʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuməʃemlan, tuməʃlanem | tuməʃ-βlaklan | tuməʃ-βlakemlan, tuməʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuməʃeməm | tuməʃ-βlakəm | tuməʃ-βlakeməm, tuməʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuməʃemla, tuməʃlam | tuməʃ-βlakla | tuməʃ-βlakemla, tuməʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuməʃemge | tuməʃ-βlakge | tuməʃ-βlakemge, tuməʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuməʃtem, tuməʃəʃtem | tuməʃ-βlakəʃte | tuməʃ-βlakəʃtem, tuməʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuməʃkem, tuməʃəʃkem | tuməʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuməʃ-βlakəʃkem, tuməʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuməʃeʃem | tuməʃ-βlakeʃ | tuməʃ-βlakeʃem, tuməʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||