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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tupʎo |
Genitive: | tupʎən |
Dative: | tupʎəlan |
Accusative: | tupʎəm |
Comparative: | tupʎəla |
Comitative: | tupʎəge |
Inessive: | tupʎəʃto |
Illative: | tupʎəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | tupʎeʃ |
1SG: | tupʎem |
2SG: | tupʎet |
3SG: | tupʎəʒ(o) |
1PL: | tupʎəna |
2PL: | tupʎəda |
3PL: | tupʎəʃt |
Plural (1): | tupʎo-βlak |
Plural (2): | tupʎo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | tupʎəla |
Sociative Plural: | tupʎəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tupʎem | tupʎo-βlak | tupʎo-βlakem, tupʎem-βlak |
Genitive: | tupʎemən | tupʎo-βlakən | tupʎo-βlakemən, tupʎem-βlakən |
Dative: | tupʎemlan, tupʎəlanem | tupʎo-βlaklan | tupʎo-βlakemlan, tupʎem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tupʎeməm | tupʎo-βlakəm | tupʎo-βlakeməm, tupʎem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | tupʎemla, tupʎəlam | tupʎo-βlakla | tupʎo-βlakemla, tupʎem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tupʎemge | tupʎo-βlakge | tupʎo-βlakemge, tupʎem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tupʎəʃtem | tupʎo-βlakəʃte | tupʎo-βlakəʃtem, tupʎem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | tupʎəʃkem | tupʎo-βlakəʃ(ke) | tupʎo-βlakəʃkem, tupʎem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | tupʎeʃem | tupʎo-βlakeʃ | tupʎo-βlakeʃem, tupʎem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |