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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | turtʃo |
| Genitive: | turtʃən |
| Dative: | turtʃəlan |
| Accusative: | turtʃəm |
| Comparative: | turtʃəla |
| Comitative: | turtʃəge |
| Inessive: | turtʃəʃto |
| Illative: | turtʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | turtʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | turtʃem |
| 2SG: | turtʃet |
| 3SG: | turtʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | turtʃəna |
| 2PL: | turtʃəda |
| 3PL: | turtʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | turtʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | turtʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | turtʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | turtʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | turtʃem | turtʃo-βlak | turtʃo-βlakem, turtʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | turtʃemən | turtʃo-βlakən | turtʃo-βlakemən, turtʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | turtʃemlan, turtʃəlanem | turtʃo-βlaklan | turtʃo-βlakemlan, turtʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | turtʃeməm | turtʃo-βlakəm | turtʃo-βlakeməm, turtʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | turtʃemla, turtʃəlam | turtʃo-βlakla | turtʃo-βlakemla, turtʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | turtʃemge | turtʃo-βlakge | turtʃo-βlakemge, turtʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | turtʃəʃtem | turtʃo-βlakəʃte | turtʃo-βlakəʃtem, turtʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | turtʃəʃkem | turtʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | turtʃo-βlakəʃkem, turtʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | turtʃeʃem | turtʃo-βlakeʃ | turtʃo-βlakeʃem, turtʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||