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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tuŋgər |
| Genitive: | tuŋgərən |
| Dative: | tuŋgərlan |
| Accusative: | tuŋgərəm |
| Comparative: | tuŋgərla |
| Comitative: | tuŋgərge |
| Inessive: | tuŋgərəʃto |
| Illative: | tuŋgərəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | tuŋgəreʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tuŋgərem |
| 2SG: | tuŋgəret |
| 3SG: | tuŋgərʒo |
| 1PL: | tuŋgərna |
| 2PL: | tuŋgərda |
| 3PL: | tuŋgərəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tuŋgər-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tuŋgər-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tuŋgərla |
| Sociative Plural: | tuŋgərmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tuŋgərem | tuŋgər-βlak | tuŋgər-βlakem, tuŋgərem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tuŋgəremən | tuŋgər-βlakən | tuŋgər-βlakemən, tuŋgərem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tuŋgəremlan, tuŋgərlanem | tuŋgər-βlaklan | tuŋgər-βlakemlan, tuŋgərem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tuŋgəreməm | tuŋgər-βlakəm | tuŋgər-βlakeməm, tuŋgərem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tuŋgəremla, tuŋgərlam | tuŋgər-βlakla | tuŋgər-βlakemla, tuŋgərem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tuŋgəremge | tuŋgər-βlakge | tuŋgər-βlakemge, tuŋgərem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tuŋgərəʃtem | tuŋgər-βlakəʃte | tuŋgər-βlakəʃtem, tuŋgərem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tuŋgərəʃkem | tuŋgər-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuŋgər-βlakəʃkem, tuŋgərem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tuŋgəreʃem | tuŋgər-βlakeʃ | tuŋgər-βlakeʃem, tuŋgərem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||