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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | töp-tör |
| Genitive: | töp-törə̑n |
| Dative: | töp-törlan |
| Accusative: | töp-törə̑m |
| Comparative: | töp-törla |
| Comitative: | töp-törge |
| Inessive: | töp-törə̑štö |
| Illative: | töp-törə̑š(kö) |
| Lative: | töp-töreš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | töp-törem |
| 2SG: | töp-töret |
| 3SG: | töp-töržö |
| 1PL: | töp-törna |
| 2PL: | töp-törda |
| 3PL: | töp-törə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | töp-tör-βlak |
| Plural (2): | töp-tör-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | töp-törla |
| Sociative Plural: | töp-törmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | töp-törem | töp-tör-βlak | töp-tör-βlakem, töp-törem-βlak |
| Genitive: | töp-töremə̑n | töp-tör-βlakə̑n | töp-tör-βlakemə̑n, töp-törem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | töp-töremlan, töp-törlanem | töp-tör-βlaklan | töp-tör-βlakemlan, töp-törem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | töp-töremə̑m | töp-tör-βlakə̑m | töp-tör-βlakemə̑m, töp-törem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | töp-töremla, töp-törlam | töp-tör-βlakla | töp-tör-βlakemla, töp-törem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | töp-töremge | töp-tör-βlakge | töp-tör-βlakemge, töp-törem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | töp-törə̑štem | töp-tör-βlakə̑šte | töp-tör-βlakə̑štem, töp-törem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | töp-törə̑škem | töp-tör-βlakə̑š(ke) | töp-tör-βlakə̑škem, töp-törem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | töp-törešem | töp-tör-βlakeš | töp-tör-βlakešem, töp-törem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||