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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | тӧпӧк |
| Genitive: | тӧпӧкын |
| Dative: | тӧпӧклан |
| Accusative: | тӧпӧкым |
| Comparative: | тӧпӧкла |
| Comitative: | тӧпӧкге |
| Inessive: | тӧпӧкыштӧ |
| Illative: | тӧпӧкыш(кӧ) |
| Lative: | тӧпӧкеш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | тӧпӧкем |
| 2SG: | тӧпӧкет |
| 3SG: | тӧпӧкшӧ |
| 1PL: | тӧпӧкна |
| 2PL: | тӧпӧкда |
| 3PL: | тӧпӧкышт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | тӧпӧк-влак |
| Plural (2): | тӧпӧк-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | тӧпӧкла |
| Sociative Plural: | тӧпӧкмыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | тӧпӧкем | тӧпӧк-влак | тӧпӧк-влакем, тӧпӧкем-влак |
| Genitive: | тӧпӧкемын | тӧпӧк-влакын | тӧпӧк-влакемын, тӧпӧкем-влакын |
| Dative: | тӧпӧкемлан, тӧпӧкланем | тӧпӧк-влаклан | тӧпӧк-влакемлан, тӧпӧкем-влаклан |
| Accusative: | тӧпӧкемым | тӧпӧк-влакым | тӧпӧк-влакемым, тӧпӧкем-влакым |
| Comparative: | тӧпӧкемла, тӧпӧклам | тӧпӧк-влакла | тӧпӧк-влакемла, тӧпӧкем-влакла |
| Comitative: | тӧпӧкемге | тӧпӧк-влакге | тӧпӧк-влакемге, тӧпӧкем-влакге |
| Inessive: | тӧпӧкыштем | тӧпӧк-влакыште | тӧпӧк-влакыштем, тӧпӧкем-влакыште |
| Illative: | тӧпӧкышкем | тӧпӧк-влакыш(ке) | тӧпӧк-влакышкем, тӧпӧкем-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | тӧпӧкешем | тӧпӧк-влакеш | тӧпӧк-влакешем, тӧпӧкем-влакеш |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||