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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | tyʃkalək |
| Genitive: | tyʃkaləkən |
| Dative: | tyʃkaləklan |
| Accusative: | tyʃkaləkəm |
| Comparative: | tyʃkaləkla |
| Comitative: | tyʃkaləkge |
| Inessive: | tyʃkaləkəʃte |
| Illative: | tyʃkaləkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tyʃkaləkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | tyʃkaləkem |
| 2SG: | tyʃkaləket |
| 3SG: | tyʃkaləkʃe |
| 1PL: | tyʃkaləkna |
| 2PL: | tyʃkaləkda |
| 3PL: | tyʃkaləkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | tyʃkalək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | tyʃkalək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | tyʃkaləkla |
| Sociative Plural: | tyʃkaləkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | tyʃkaləkem | tyʃkalək-βlak | tyʃkalək-βlakem, tyʃkaləkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | tyʃkaləkemən | tyʃkalək-βlakən | tyʃkalək-βlakemən, tyʃkaləkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | tyʃkaləkemlan, tyʃkaləklanem | tyʃkalək-βlaklan | tyʃkalək-βlakemlan, tyʃkaləkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | tyʃkaləkeməm | tyʃkalək-βlakəm | tyʃkalək-βlakeməm, tyʃkaləkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | tyʃkaləkemla, tyʃkaləklam | tyʃkalək-βlakla | tyʃkalək-βlakemla, tyʃkaləkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | tyʃkaləkemge | tyʃkalək-βlakge | tyʃkalək-βlakemge, tyʃkaləkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | tyʃkaləkəʃtem | tyʃkalək-βlakəʃte | tyʃkalək-βlakəʃtem, tyʃkaləkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | tyʃkaləkəʃkem | tyʃkalək-βlakəʃ(ke) | tyʃkalək-βlakəʃkem, tyʃkaləkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | tyʃkaləkeʃem | tyʃkalək-βlakeʃ | tyʃkalək-βlakeʃem, tyʃkaləkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||