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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | umša |
| Genitive: | umšan |
| Dative: | umšalan |
| Accusative: | umšam |
| Comparative: | umšala |
| Comitative: | umšage |
| Inessive: | umšašte |
| Illative: | umšaš(ke) |
| Lative: | umšaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | umšam |
| 2SG: | umšat |
| 3SG: | umšaž(e) |
| 1PL: | umšana |
| 2PL: | umšada |
| 3PL: | umšašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | umša-βlak |
| Plural (2): | umša-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | umšala |
| Sociative Plural: | umšamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | umšam | umša-βlak | umša-βlakem, umšam-βlak |
| Genitive: | umšamə̑n | umša-βlakə̑n | umša-βlakemə̑n, umšam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | umšamlan, umšalanem | umša-βlaklan | umša-βlakemlan, umšam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | umšamə̑m | umša-βlakə̑m | umša-βlakemə̑m, umšam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | umšamla, umšalam | umša-βlakla | umša-βlakemla, umšam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | umšamge | umša-βlakge | umša-βlakemge, umšam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | umšaštem | umša-βlakə̑šte | umša-βlakə̑štem, umšam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | umšaškem | umša-βlakə̑š(ke) | umša-βlakə̑škem, umšam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | umšašem | umša-βlakeš | umša-βlakešem, umšam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||