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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | umʃa |
| Genitive: | umʃan |
| Dative: | umʃalan |
| Accusative: | umʃam |
| Comparative: | umʃala |
| Comitative: | umʃage |
| Inessive: | umʃaʃte |
| Illative: | umʃaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | umʃaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | umʃam |
| 2SG: | umʃat |
| 3SG: | umʃaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | umʃana |
| 2PL: | umʃada |
| 3PL: | umʃaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | umʃa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | umʃa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | umʃala |
| Sociative Plural: | umʃamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | umʃam | umʃa-βlak | umʃa-βlakem, umʃam-βlak |
| Genitive: | umʃamən | umʃa-βlakən | umʃa-βlakemən, umʃam-βlakən |
| Dative: | umʃamlan, umʃalanem | umʃa-βlaklan | umʃa-βlakemlan, umʃam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | umʃaməm | umʃa-βlakəm | umʃa-βlakeməm, umʃam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | umʃamla, umʃalam | umʃa-βlakla | umʃa-βlakemla, umʃam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | umʃamge | umʃa-βlakge | umʃa-βlakemge, umʃam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | umʃaʃtem | umʃa-βlakəʃte | umʃa-βlakəʃtem, umʃam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | umʃaʃkem | umʃa-βlakəʃ(ke) | umʃa-βlakəʃkem, umʃam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | umʃaʃem | umʃa-βlakeʃ | umʃa-βlakeʃem, umʃam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||