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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | uməʃan |
Genitive: | uməʃanən |
Dative: | uməʃanlan |
Accusative: | uməʃanəm |
Comparative: | uməʃanla |
Comitative: | uməʃange |
Inessive: | uməʃanəʃte |
Illative: | uməʃanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | uməʃaneʃ |
1SG: | uməʃanem |
2SG: | uməʃanet |
3SG: | uməʃanʒe |
1PL: | uməʃanːa |
2PL: | uməʃanda |
3PL: | uməʃanəʃt |
Plural (1): | uməʃan-βlak |
Plural (2): | uməʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | uməʃanla |
Sociative Plural: | uməʃanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | uməʃanem | uməʃan-βlak | uməʃan-βlakem, uməʃanem-βlak |
Genitive: | uməʃanemən | uməʃan-βlakən | uməʃan-βlakemən, uməʃanem-βlakən |
Dative: | uməʃanemlan, uməʃanlanem | uməʃan-βlaklan | uməʃan-βlakemlan, uməʃanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | uməʃaneməm | uməʃan-βlakəm | uməʃan-βlakeməm, uməʃanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | uməʃanemla, uməʃanlam | uməʃan-βlakla | uməʃan-βlakemla, uməʃanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | uməʃanemge | uməʃan-βlakge | uməʃan-βlakemge, uməʃanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | uməʃanəʃtem | uməʃan-βlakəʃte | uməʃan-βlakəʃtem, uməʃanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | uməʃanəʃkem | uməʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | uməʃan-βlakəʃkem, uməʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | uməʃaneʃem | uməʃan-βlakeʃ | uməʃan-βlakeʃem, uməʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |