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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | uniβersal |
| Genitive: | uniβersalə̑n |
| Dative: | uniβersallan |
| Accusative: | uniβersalə̑m |
| Comparative: | uniβersalla |
| Comitative: | uniβersalge |
| Inessive: | uniβersalə̑šte |
| Illative: | uniβersalə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | uniβersaleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | uniβersalem |
| 2SG: | uniβersalet |
| 3SG: | uniβersalže |
| 1PL: | uniβersalna |
| 2PL: | uniβersalda |
| 3PL: | uniβersalə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | uniβersal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | uniβersal-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | uniβersalla |
| Sociative Plural: | uniβersalmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | uniβersalem | uniβersal-βlak | uniβersal-βlakem, uniβersalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | uniβersalemə̑n | uniβersal-βlakə̑n | uniβersal-βlakemə̑n, uniβersalem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | uniβersalemlan, uniβersallanem | uniβersal-βlaklan | uniβersal-βlakemlan, uniβersalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | uniβersalemə̑m | uniβersal-βlakə̑m | uniβersal-βlakemə̑m, uniβersalem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | uniβersalemla, uniβersallam | uniβersal-βlakla | uniβersal-βlakemla, uniβersalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | uniβersalemge | uniβersal-βlakge | uniβersal-βlakemge, uniβersalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | uniβersalə̑štem | uniβersal-βlakə̑šte | uniβersal-βlakə̑štem, uniβersalem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | uniβersalə̑škem | uniβersal-βlakə̑š(ke) | uniβersal-βlakə̑škem, uniβersalem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | uniβersalešem | uniβersal-βlakeš | uniβersal-βlakešem, uniβersalem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||