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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | upʃanβiʃkər |
| Genitive: | upʃanβiʃkərən |
| Dative: | upʃanβiʃkərlan |
| Accusative: | upʃanβiʃkərəm |
| Comparative: | upʃanβiʃkərla |
| Comitative: | upʃanβiʃkərge |
| Inessive: | upʃanβiʃkərəʃte |
| Illative: | upʃanβiʃkərəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | upʃanβiʃkəreʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | upʃanβiʃkərem |
| 2SG: | upʃanβiʃkəret |
| 3SG: | upʃanβiʃkərʒe |
| 1PL: | upʃanβiʃkərna |
| 2PL: | upʃanβiʃkərda |
| 3PL: | upʃanβiʃkərəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | upʃanβiʃkər-βlak |
| Plural (2): | upʃanβiʃkər-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | upʃanβiʃkərla |
| Sociative Plural: | upʃanβiʃkərmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | upʃanβiʃkərem | upʃanβiʃkər-βlak | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakem, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlak |
| Genitive: | upʃanβiʃkəremən | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakən | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakemən, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakən |
| Dative: | upʃanβiʃkəremlan, upʃanβiʃkərlanem | upʃanβiʃkər-βlaklan | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakemlan, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | upʃanβiʃkəreməm | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakəm | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakeməm, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | upʃanβiʃkəremla, upʃanβiʃkərlam | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakla | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakemla, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | upʃanβiʃkəremge | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakge | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakemge, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | upʃanβiʃkərəʃtem | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakəʃte | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakəʃtem, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | upʃanβiʃkərəʃkem | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakəʃ(ke) | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakəʃkem, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | upʃanβiʃkəreʃem | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakeʃ | upʃanβiʃkər-βlakeʃem, upʃanβiʃkərem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||