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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ustaβə̑se |
| Genitive: | ustaβə̑sə̑n |
| Dative: | ustaβə̑sə̑lan |
| Accusative: | ustaβə̑sə̑m |
| Comparative: | ustaβə̑sə̑la |
| Comitative: | ustaβə̑sə̑ge |
| Inessive: | ustaβə̑sə̑šte |
| Illative: | ustaβə̑sə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ustaβə̑seš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ustaβə̑sem |
| 2SG: | ustaβə̑set |
| 3SG: | ustaβə̑sə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | ustaβə̑sə̑na |
| 2PL: | ustaβə̑sə̑da |
| 3PL: | ustaβə̑sə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ustaβə̑se-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ustaβə̑se-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ustaβə̑sə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | ustaβə̑sə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ustaβə̑sem | ustaβə̑se-βlak | ustaβə̑se-βlakem, ustaβə̑sem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ustaβə̑semə̑n | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑n | ustaβə̑se-βlakemə̑n, ustaβə̑sem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ustaβə̑semlan, ustaβə̑sə̑lanem | ustaβə̑se-βlaklan | ustaβə̑se-βlakemlan, ustaβə̑sem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ustaβə̑semə̑m | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑m | ustaβə̑se-βlakemə̑m, ustaβə̑sem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ustaβə̑semla, ustaβə̑sə̑lam | ustaβə̑se-βlakla | ustaβə̑se-βlakemla, ustaβə̑sem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ustaβə̑semge | ustaβə̑se-βlakge | ustaβə̑se-βlakemge, ustaβə̑sem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ustaβə̑sə̑štem | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑šte | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑štem, ustaβə̑sem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ustaβə̑sə̑škem | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑š(ke) | ustaβə̑se-βlakə̑škem, ustaβə̑sem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ustaβə̑sešem | ustaβə̑se-βlakeš | ustaβə̑se-βlakešem, ustaβə̑sem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||