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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | umdə̑r |
| Genitive: | umdə̑rə̑n |
| Dative: | umdə̑rlan |
| Accusative: | umdə̑rə̑m |
| Comparative: | umdə̑rla |
| Comitative: | umdə̑rge |
| Inessive: | umdə̑rə̑što |
| Illative: | umdə̑rə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | umdə̑reš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | umdə̑rem |
| 2SG: | umdə̑ret |
| 3SG: | umdə̑ržo |
| 1PL: | umdə̑rna |
| 2PL: | umdə̑rda |
| 3PL: | umdə̑rə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | umdə̑r-βlak |
| Plural (2): | umdə̑r-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | umdə̑rla |
| Sociative Plural: | umdə̑rmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | umdə̑rem | umdə̑r-βlak | umdə̑r-βlakem, umdə̑rem-βlak |
| Genitive: | umdə̑remə̑n | umdə̑r-βlakə̑n | umdə̑r-βlakemə̑n, umdə̑rem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | umdə̑remlan, umdə̑rlanem | umdə̑r-βlaklan | umdə̑r-βlakemlan, umdə̑rem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | umdə̑remə̑m | umdə̑r-βlakə̑m | umdə̑r-βlakemə̑m, umdə̑rem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | umdə̑remla, umdə̑rlam | umdə̑r-βlakla | umdə̑r-βlakemla, umdə̑rem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | umdə̑remge | umdə̑r-βlakge | umdə̑r-βlakemge, umdə̑rem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | umdə̑rə̑štem | umdə̑r-βlakə̑šte | umdə̑r-βlakə̑štem, umdə̑rem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | umdə̑rə̑škem | umdə̑r-βlakə̑š(ke) | umdə̑r-βlakə̑škem, umdə̑rem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | umdə̑rešem | umdə̑r-βlakeš | umdə̑r-βlakešem, umdə̑rem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||