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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | упшо |
| Genitive: | упшын |
| Dative: | упшылан |
| Accusative: | упшым |
| Comparative: | упшыла |
| Comitative: | упшыге |
| Inessive: | упшышто |
| Illative: | упшыш(ко) |
| Lative: | упшеш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | упшем |
| 2SG: | упшет |
| 3SG: | упшыж(о) |
| 1PL: | упшына |
| 2PL: | упшыда |
| 3PL: | упшышт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | упшо-влак |
| Plural (2): | упшо-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | упшыла |
| Sociative Plural: | упшымыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | упшем | упшо-влак | упшо-влакем, упшем-влак |
| Genitive: | упшемын | упшо-влакын | упшо-влакемын, упшем-влакын |
| Dative: | упшемлан, упшыланем | упшо-влаклан | упшо-влакемлан, упшем-влаклан |
| Accusative: | упшемым | упшо-влакым | упшо-влакемым, упшем-влакым |
| Comparative: | упшемла, упшылам | упшо-влакла | упшо-влакемла, упшем-влакла |
| Comitative: | упшемге | упшо-влакге | упшо-влакемге, упшем-влакге |
| Inessive: | упшыштем | упшо-влакыште | упшо-влакыштем, упшем-влакыште |
| Illative: | упшышкем | упшо-влакыш(ке) | упшо-влакышкем, упшем-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | упшешем | упшо-влакеш | упшо-влакешем, упшем-влакеш |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||