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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | upʃo |
| Genitive: | upʃən |
| Dative: | upʃəlan |
| Accusative: | upʃəm |
| Comparative: | upʃəla |
| Comitative: | upʃəge |
| Inessive: | upʃəʃto |
| Illative: | upʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | upʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | upʃem |
| 2SG: | upʃet |
| 3SG: | upʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | upʃəna |
| 2PL: | upʃəda |
| 3PL: | upʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | upʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | upʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | upʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | upʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | upʃem | upʃo-βlak | upʃo-βlakem, upʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | upʃemən | upʃo-βlakən | upʃo-βlakemən, upʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | upʃemlan, upʃəlanem | upʃo-βlaklan | upʃo-βlakemlan, upʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | upʃeməm | upʃo-βlakəm | upʃo-βlakeməm, upʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | upʃemla, upʃəlam | upʃo-βlakla | upʃo-βlakemla, upʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | upʃemge | upʃo-βlakge | upʃo-βlakemge, upʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | upʃəʃtem | upʃo-βlakəʃte | upʃo-βlakəʃtem, upʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | upʃəʃkem | upʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | upʃo-βlakəʃkem, upʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | upʃeʃem | upʃo-βlakeʃ | upʃo-βlakeʃem, upʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||