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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | utkə̑n |
| Genitive: | utkə̑nə̑n |
| Dative: | utkə̑nlan |
| Accusative: | utkə̑nə̑m |
| Comparative: | utkə̑nla |
| Comitative: | utkə̑nge |
| Inessive: | utkə̑nə̑što |
| Illative: | utkə̑nə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | utkə̑neš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | utkə̑nem |
| 2SG: | utkə̑net |
| 3SG: | utkə̑nžo |
| 1PL: | utkə̑nna |
| 2PL: | utkə̑nda |
| 3PL: | utkə̑nə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | utkə̑n-βlak |
| Plural (2): | utkə̑n-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | utkə̑nla |
| Sociative Plural: | utkə̑nmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | utkə̑nem | utkə̑n-βlak | utkə̑n-βlakem, utkə̑nem-βlak |
| Genitive: | utkə̑nemə̑n | utkə̑n-βlakə̑n | utkə̑n-βlakemə̑n, utkə̑nem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | utkə̑nemlan, utkə̑nlanem | utkə̑n-βlaklan | utkə̑n-βlakemlan, utkə̑nem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | utkə̑nemə̑m | utkə̑n-βlakə̑m | utkə̑n-βlakemə̑m, utkə̑nem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | utkə̑nemla, utkə̑nlam | utkə̑n-βlakla | utkə̑n-βlakemla, utkə̑nem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | utkə̑nemge | utkə̑n-βlakge | utkə̑n-βlakemge, utkə̑nem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | utkə̑nə̑štem | utkə̑n-βlakə̑šte | utkə̑n-βlakə̑štem, utkə̑nem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | utkə̑nə̑škem | utkə̑n-βlakə̑š(ke) | utkə̑n-βlakə̑škem, utkə̑nem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | utkə̑nešem | utkə̑n-βlakeš | utkə̑n-βlakešem, utkə̑nem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||