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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | foto |
| Genitive: | fotən |
| Dative: | fotəlan |
| Accusative: | fotəm |
| Comparative: | fotəla |
| Comitative: | fotəge |
| Inessive: | fotəʃto |
| Illative: | fotəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | foteʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | fotem |
| 2SG: | fotet |
| 3SG: | fotəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | fotəna |
| 2PL: | fotəda |
| 3PL: | fotəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | foto-βlak |
| Plural (2): | foto-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | fotəla |
| Sociative Plural: | fotəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | fotem | foto-βlak | foto-βlakem, fotem-βlak |
| Genitive: | fotemən | foto-βlakən | foto-βlakemən, fotem-βlakən |
| Dative: | fotemlan, fotəlanem | foto-βlaklan | foto-βlakemlan, fotem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | foteməm | foto-βlakəm | foto-βlakeməm, fotem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | fotemla, fotəlam | foto-βlakla | foto-βlakemla, fotem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | fotemge | foto-βlakge | foto-βlakemge, fotem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | fotəʃtem | foto-βlakəʃte | foto-βlakəʃtem, fotem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | fotəʃkem | foto-βlakəʃ(ke) | foto-βlakəʃkem, fotem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | foteʃem | foto-βlakeʃ | foto-βlakeʃem, fotem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||