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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | xaos |
| Genitive: | xaosən |
| Dative: | xaoslan |
| Accusative: | xaosəm |
| Comparative: | xaosla |
| Comitative: | xaosge |
| Inessive: | xaosəʃto |
| Illative: | xaosəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | xaoseʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | xaosem |
| 2SG: | xaoset |
| 3SG: | xaosʃo |
| 1PL: | xaosna |
| 2PL: | xaosda |
| 3PL: | xaosəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | xaos-βlak |
| Plural (2): | xaos-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | xaosla |
| Sociative Plural: | xaosmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | xaosem | xaos-βlak | xaos-βlakem, xaosem-βlak |
| Genitive: | xaosemən | xaos-βlakən | xaos-βlakemən, xaosem-βlakən |
| Dative: | xaosemlan, xaoslanem | xaos-βlaklan | xaos-βlakemlan, xaosem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | xaoseməm | xaos-βlakəm | xaos-βlakeməm, xaosem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | xaosemla, xaoslam | xaos-βlakla | xaos-βlakemla, xaosem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | xaosemge | xaos-βlakge | xaos-βlakemge, xaosem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | xaosəʃtem | xaos-βlakəʃte | xaos-βlakəʃtem, xaosem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | xaosəʃkem | xaos-βlakəʃ(ke) | xaos-βlakəʃkem, xaosem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | xaoseʃem | xaos-βlakeʃ | xaos-βlakeʃem, xaosem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||