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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | xirurg |
| Genitive: | xirurgən |
| Dative: | xirurglan |
| Accusative: | xirurgəm |
| Comparative: | xirurgla |
| Comitative: | xirurgːe |
| Inessive: | xirurgəʃto |
| Illative: | xirurgəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | xirurgeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | xirurgem |
| 2SG: | xirurget |
| 3SG: | xirurgʃo |
| 1PL: | xirurgna |
| 2PL: | xirurgda |
| 3PL: | xirurgəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | xirurg-βlak |
| Plural (2): | xirurg-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | xirurgla |
| Sociative Plural: | xirurgmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | xirurgem | xirurg-βlak | xirurg-βlakem, xirurgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | xirurgemən | xirurg-βlakən | xirurg-βlakemən, xirurgem-βlakən |
| Dative: | xirurgemlan, xirurglanem | xirurg-βlaklan | xirurg-βlakemlan, xirurgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | xirurgeməm | xirurg-βlakəm | xirurg-βlakeməm, xirurgem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | xirurgemla, xirurglam | xirurg-βlakla | xirurg-βlakemla, xirurgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | xirurgemge | xirurg-βlakge | xirurg-βlakemge, xirurgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | xirurgəʃtem | xirurg-βlakəʃte | xirurg-βlakəʃtem, xirurgem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | xirurgəʃkem | xirurg-βlakəʃ(ke) | xirurg-βlakəʃkem, xirurgem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | xirurgeʃem | xirurg-βlakeʃ | xirurg-βlakeʃem, xirurgem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||