Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.

Case Suffixes

Nominative:t͡ɕaʃma
Genitive:t͡ɕaʃman
Dative:t͡ɕaʃmalan
Accusative:t͡ɕaʃmam
Comparative:t͡ɕaʃmala
Comitative:t͡ɕaʃmage
Inessive:t͡ɕaʃmaʃte
Illative:t͡ɕaʃmaʃ(ke)
Lative:t͡ɕaʃmaʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:t͡ɕaʃmam
2SG:t͡ɕaʃmat
3SG:t͡ɕaʃmaʒ(e)
1PL:t͡ɕaʃmana
2PL:t͡ɕaʃmada
3PL:t͡ɕaʃmaʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):t͡ɕaʃma-βlak
Plural (2):t͡ɕaʃma-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:t͡ɕaʃmala
Sociative Plural:t͡ɕaʃmamət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:t͡ɕaʃmamt͡ɕaʃma-βlakt͡ɕaʃma-βlakem,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlak
Genitive:t͡ɕaʃmamənt͡ɕaʃma-βlakənt͡ɕaʃma-βlakemən,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakən
Dative:t͡ɕaʃmamlan,
t͡ɕaʃmalanem		t͡ɕaʃma-βlaklant͡ɕaʃma-βlakemlan,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlaklan
Accusative:t͡ɕaʃmaməmt͡ɕaʃma-βlakəmt͡ɕaʃma-βlakeməm,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakəm
Comparative:t͡ɕaʃmamla,
t͡ɕaʃmalam		t͡ɕaʃma-βlaklat͡ɕaʃma-βlakemla,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakla
Comitative:t͡ɕaʃmamget͡ɕaʃma-βlakget͡ɕaʃma-βlakemge,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakge
Inessive:t͡ɕaʃmaʃtemt͡ɕaʃma-βlakəʃtet͡ɕaʃma-βlakəʃtem,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakəʃte
Illative:t͡ɕaʃmaʃkemt͡ɕaʃma-βlakəʃ(ke)t͡ɕaʃma-βlakəʃkem,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:t͡ɕaʃmaʃemt͡ɕaʃma-βlakeʃt͡ɕaʃma-βlakeʃem,
t͡ɕaʃmam-βlakeʃ


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Last update: 10 August 2023