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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | č́aple |
Genitive: | č́aplə̑n |
Dative: | č́aplə̑lan |
Accusative: | č́aplə̑m |
Comparative: | č́aplə̑la |
Comitative: | č́aplə̑ge |
Inessive: | č́aplə̑šte |
Illative: | č́aplə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | č́apleš |
1SG: | č́aplem |
2SG: | č́aplet |
3SG: | č́aplə̑ž(e) |
1PL: | č́aplə̑na |
2PL: | č́aplə̑da |
3PL: | č́aplə̑št |
Plural (1): | č́aple-βlak |
Plural (2): | č́aple-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | č́aplə̑la |
Sociative Plural: | č́aplə̑mə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | č́aplem | č́aple-βlak | č́aple-βlakem, č́aplem-βlak |
Genitive: | č́aplemə̑n | č́aple-βlakə̑n | č́aple-βlakemə̑n, č́aplem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | č́aplemlan, č́aplə̑lanem | č́aple-βlaklan | č́aple-βlakemlan, č́aplem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | č́aplemə̑m | č́aple-βlakə̑m | č́aple-βlakemə̑m, č́aplem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | č́aplemla, č́aplə̑lam | č́aple-βlakla | č́aple-βlakemla, č́aplem-βlakla |
Comitative: | č́aplemge | č́aple-βlakge | č́aple-βlakemge, č́aplem-βlakge |
Inessive: | č́aplə̑štem | č́aple-βlakə̑šte | č́aple-βlakə̑štem, č́aplem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | č́aplə̑škem | č́aple-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́aple-βlakə̑škem, č́aplem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | č́aplešem | č́aple-βlakeš | č́aple-βlakešem, č́aplem-βlakeš |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |