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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | č́es |
| Genitive: | č́esə̑n |
| Dative: | č́eslan |
| Accusative: | č́esə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́esla |
| Comitative: | č́esge |
| Inessive: | č́esə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́esə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́eseš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | č́esem |
| 2SG: | č́eset |
| 3SG: | č́esše |
| 1PL: | č́esna |
| 2PL: | č́esda |
| 3PL: | č́esə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | č́es-βlak |
| Plural (2): | č́es-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | č́esla |
| Sociative Plural: | č́esmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | č́esem | č́es-βlak | č́es-βlakem, č́esem-βlak |
| Genitive: | č́esemə̑n | č́es-βlakə̑n | č́es-βlakemə̑n, č́esem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | č́esemlan, č́eslanem | č́es-βlaklan | č́es-βlakemlan, č́esem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | č́esemə̑m | č́es-βlakə̑m | č́es-βlakemə̑m, č́esem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́esemla, č́eslam | č́es-βlakla | č́es-βlakemla, č́esem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | č́esemge | č́es-βlakge | č́es-βlakemge, č́esem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | č́esə̑štem | č́es-βlakə̑šte | č́es-βlakə̑štem, č́esem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́esə̑škem | č́es-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́es-βlakə̑škem, č́esem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́esešem | č́es-βlakeš | č́es-βlakešem, č́esem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||