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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | č́esle |
| Genitive: | č́eslə̑n |
| Dative: | č́eslə̑lan |
| Accusative: | č́eslə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́eslə̑la |
| Comitative: | č́eslə̑ge |
| Inessive: | č́eslə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́eslə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́esleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | č́eslem |
| 2SG: | č́eslet |
| 3SG: | č́eslə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | č́eslə̑na |
| 2PL: | č́eslə̑da |
| 3PL: | č́eslə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | č́esle-βlak |
| Plural (2): | č́esle-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | č́eslə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | č́eslə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | č́eslem | č́esle-βlak | č́esle-βlakem, č́eslem-βlak |
| Genitive: | č́eslemə̑n | č́esle-βlakə̑n | č́esle-βlakemə̑n, č́eslem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | č́eslemlan, č́eslə̑lanem | č́esle-βlaklan | č́esle-βlakemlan, č́eslem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | č́eslemə̑m | č́esle-βlakə̑m | č́esle-βlakemə̑m, č́eslem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́eslemla, č́eslə̑lam | č́esle-βlakla | č́esle-βlakemla, č́eslem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | č́eslemge | č́esle-βlakge | č́esle-βlakemge, č́eslem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | č́eslə̑štem | č́esle-βlakə̑šte | č́esle-βlakə̑štem, č́eslem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́eslə̑škem | č́esle-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́esle-βlakə̑škem, č́eslem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́eslešem | č́esle-βlakeš | č́esle-βlakešem, č́eslem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||