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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | č́iška |
| Genitive: | č́iškan |
| Dative: | č́iškalan |
| Accusative: | č́iškam |
| Comparative: | č́iškala |
| Comitative: | č́iškage |
| Inessive: | č́iškašte |
| Illative: | č́iškaš(ke) |
| Lative: | č́iškaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | č́iškam |
| 2SG: | č́iškat |
| 3SG: | č́iškaž(e) |
| 1PL: | č́iškana |
| 2PL: | č́iškada |
| 3PL: | č́iškašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | č́iška-βlak |
| Plural (2): | č́iška-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | č́iškala |
| Sociative Plural: | č́iškamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | č́iškam | č́iška-βlak | č́iška-βlakem, č́iškam-βlak |
| Genitive: | č́iškamə̑n | č́iška-βlakə̑n | č́iška-βlakemə̑n, č́iškam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | č́iškamlan, č́iškalanem | č́iška-βlaklan | č́iška-βlakemlan, č́iškam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | č́iškamə̑m | č́iška-βlakə̑m | č́iška-βlakemə̑m, č́iškam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́iškamla, č́iškalam | č́iška-βlakla | č́iška-βlakemla, č́iškam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | č́iškamge | č́iška-βlakge | č́iška-βlakemge, č́iškam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | č́iškaštem | č́iška-βlakə̑šte | č́iška-βlakə̑štem, č́iškam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́iškaškem | č́iška-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́iška-βlakə̑škem, č́iškam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́iškašem | č́iška-βlakeš | č́iška-βlakešem, č́iškam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||