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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | t͡ɕiʃka |
Genitive: | t͡ɕiʃkan |
Dative: | t͡ɕiʃkalan |
Accusative: | t͡ɕiʃkam |
Comparative: | t͡ɕiʃkala |
Comitative: | t͡ɕiʃkage |
Inessive: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃte |
Illative: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃ |
1SG: | t͡ɕiʃkam |
2SG: | t͡ɕiʃkat |
3SG: | t͡ɕiʃkaʒ(e) |
1PL: | t͡ɕiʃkana |
2PL: | t͡ɕiʃkada |
3PL: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃt |
Plural (1): | t͡ɕiʃka-βlak |
Plural (2): | t͡ɕiʃka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | t͡ɕiʃkala |
Sociative Plural: | t͡ɕiʃkamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | t͡ɕiʃkam | t͡ɕiʃka-βlak | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakem, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlak |
Genitive: | t͡ɕiʃkamən | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakən | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakemən, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakən |
Dative: | t͡ɕiʃkamlan, t͡ɕiʃkalanem | t͡ɕiʃka-βlaklan | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakemlan, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | t͡ɕiʃkaməm | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakəm | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakeməm, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | t͡ɕiʃkamla, t͡ɕiʃkalam | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakla | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakemla, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakla |
Comitative: | t͡ɕiʃkamge | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakge | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakemge, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakge |
Inessive: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃtem | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakəʃte | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakəʃtem, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃkem | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakəʃ(ke) | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakəʃkem, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | t͡ɕiʃkaʃem | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakeʃ | t͡ɕiʃka-βlakeʃem, t͡ɕiʃkam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |