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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | č́oŋga |
| Genitive: | č́oŋgan |
| Dative: | č́oŋgalan |
| Accusative: | č́oŋgam |
| Comparative: | č́oŋgala |
| Comitative: | č́oŋgage |
| Inessive: | č́oŋgašte |
| Illative: | č́oŋgaš(ke) |
| Lative: | č́oŋgaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | č́oŋgam |
| 2SG: | č́oŋgat |
| 3SG: | č́oŋgaž(e) |
| 1PL: | č́oŋgana |
| 2PL: | č́oŋgada |
| 3PL: | č́oŋgašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | č́oŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | č́oŋga-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | č́oŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | č́oŋgamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | č́oŋgam | č́oŋga-βlak | č́oŋga-βlakem, č́oŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | č́oŋgamə̑n | č́oŋga-βlakə̑n | č́oŋga-βlakemə̑n, č́oŋgam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | č́oŋgamlan, č́oŋgalanem | č́oŋga-βlaklan | č́oŋga-βlakemlan, č́oŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | č́oŋgamə̑m | č́oŋga-βlakə̑m | č́oŋga-βlakemə̑m, č́oŋgam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | č́oŋgamla, č́oŋgalam | č́oŋga-βlakla | č́oŋga-βlakemla, č́oŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | č́oŋgamge | č́oŋga-βlakge | č́oŋga-βlakemge, č́oŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | č́oŋgaštem | č́oŋga-βlakə̑šte | č́oŋga-βlakə̑štem, č́oŋgam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | č́oŋgaškem | č́oŋga-βlakə̑š(ke) | č́oŋga-βlakə̑škem, č́oŋgam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | č́oŋgašem | č́oŋga-βlakeš | č́oŋga-βlakešem, č́oŋgam-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||