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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | t͡ɕulka |
| Genitive: | t͡ɕulkan |
| Dative: | t͡ɕulkalan |
| Accusative: | t͡ɕulkam |
| Comparative: | t͡ɕulkala |
| Comitative: | t͡ɕulkage |
| Inessive: | t͡ɕulkaʃte |
| Illative: | t͡ɕulkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | t͡ɕulkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | t͡ɕulkam |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕulkat |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕulkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕulkana |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕulkada |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕulkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | t͡ɕulka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | t͡ɕulka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | t͡ɕulkala |
| Sociative Plural: | t͡ɕulkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | t͡ɕulkam | t͡ɕulka-βlak | t͡ɕulka-βlakem, t͡ɕulkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | t͡ɕulkamən | t͡ɕulka-βlakən | t͡ɕulka-βlakemən, t͡ɕulkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | t͡ɕulkamlan, t͡ɕulkalanem | t͡ɕulka-βlaklan | t͡ɕulka-βlakemlan, t͡ɕulkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | t͡ɕulkaməm | t͡ɕulka-βlakəm | t͡ɕulka-βlakeməm, t͡ɕulkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | t͡ɕulkamla, t͡ɕulkalam | t͡ɕulka-βlakla | t͡ɕulka-βlakemla, t͡ɕulkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | t͡ɕulkamge | t͡ɕulka-βlakge | t͡ɕulka-βlakemge, t͡ɕulkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | t͡ɕulkaʃtem | t͡ɕulka-βlakəʃte | t͡ɕulka-βlakəʃtem, t͡ɕulkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | t͡ɕulkaʃkem | t͡ɕulka-βlakəʃ(ke) | t͡ɕulka-βlakəʃkem, t͡ɕulkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | t͡ɕulkaʃem | t͡ɕulka-βlakeʃ | t͡ɕulka-βlakeʃem, t͡ɕulkam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||