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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | t͡ɕuma |
| Genitive: | t͡ɕuman |
| Dative: | t͡ɕumalan |
| Accusative: | t͡ɕumam |
| Comparative: | t͡ɕumala |
| Comitative: | t͡ɕumage |
| Inessive: | t͡ɕumaʃte |
| Illative: | t͡ɕumaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | t͡ɕumaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | t͡ɕumam |
| 2SG: | t͡ɕumat |
| 3SG: | t͡ɕumaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | t͡ɕumana |
| 2PL: | t͡ɕumada |
| 3PL: | t͡ɕumaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | t͡ɕuma-βlak |
| Plural (2): | t͡ɕuma-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | t͡ɕumala |
| Sociative Plural: | t͡ɕumamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | t͡ɕumam | t͡ɕuma-βlak | t͡ɕuma-βlakem, t͡ɕumam-βlak |
| Genitive: | t͡ɕumamən | t͡ɕuma-βlakən | t͡ɕuma-βlakemən, t͡ɕumam-βlakən |
| Dative: | t͡ɕumamlan, t͡ɕumalanem | t͡ɕuma-βlaklan | t͡ɕuma-βlakemlan, t͡ɕumam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | t͡ɕumaməm | t͡ɕuma-βlakəm | t͡ɕuma-βlakeməm, t͡ɕumam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | t͡ɕumamla, t͡ɕumalam | t͡ɕuma-βlakla | t͡ɕuma-βlakemla, t͡ɕumam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | t͡ɕumamge | t͡ɕuma-βlakge | t͡ɕuma-βlakemge, t͡ɕumam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | t͡ɕumaʃtem | t͡ɕuma-βlakəʃte | t͡ɕuma-βlakəʃtem, t͡ɕumam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | t͡ɕumaʃkem | t͡ɕuma-βlakəʃ(ke) | t͡ɕuma-βlakəʃkem, t͡ɕumam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | t͡ɕumaʃem | t͡ɕuma-βlakeʃ | t͡ɕuma-βlakeʃem, t͡ɕumam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||