Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.

Case Suffixes

Nominative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)
Genitive:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)ən
Dative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)lan
Accusative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əm
Comparative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)la
Comitative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)ge
Inessive:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əʃto
Illative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əʃ(ko)
Lative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jeʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem
2SG:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jet
3SG:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)ʒo
1PL:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)na
2PL:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)da
3PL:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlak
Plural (2):t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)la
Sociative Plural:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)mət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jemt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakem,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlak
Genitive:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jemənt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakənt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakemən,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakən
Dative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jemlan,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)lanem		t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlaklant͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakemlan,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlaklan
Accusative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jeməmt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakəmt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakeməm,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakəm
Comparative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jemla,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)lam		t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlaklat͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakemla,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakla
Comitative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jemget͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakget͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakemge,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakge
Inessive:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əʃtemt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakəʃtet͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakəʃtem,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakəʃte
Illative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)əʃkemt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakəʃ(ke)t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakəʃkem,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jeʃemt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakeʃt͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)-βlakeʃem,
t͡ɕəʃt-oʃ(o)jem-βlakeʃ


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Last update: 10 August 2023