Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.

Case Suffixes

Nominative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ
Genitive:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃən
Dative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃlan
Accusative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəm
Comparative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃla
Comitative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃge
Inessive:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃte,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʃte
Illative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃke,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʃ(ke)
Lative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃeʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem
2SG:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃet
3SG:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃːe,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʒ(e)
1PL:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃna
2PL:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃda
3PL:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlak
Plural (2):t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃla
Sociative Plural:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃmət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃemt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlak
Genitive:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃemənt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakənt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakemən,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakən
Dative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃemlan,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃlanem		t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlaklant͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakemlan,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlaklan
Accusative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃeməmt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakəmt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakeməm,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakəm
Comparative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃemla,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃlam		t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlaklat͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakemla,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakla
Comitative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃemget͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakget͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakemge,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakge
Inessive:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃtem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʃtem		t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakəʃtet͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakəʃtem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakəʃte
Illative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃkem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃəʃkem		t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke)t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakəʃkem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃeʃemt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakeʃt͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃ-βlakeʃem,
t͡ɕyt͡ɕaltmaʃem-βlakeʃ


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Last update: 10 August 2023