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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šapaš |
| Genitive: | šapašə̑n |
| Dative: | šapašlan |
| Accusative: | šapašə̑m |
| Comparative: | šapašla |
| Comitative: | šapašge |
| Inessive: | šapašte, šapašə̑šte |
| Illative: | šapaške, šapašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šapašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šapašem |
| 2SG: | šapašet |
| 3SG: | šapašše, šapašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | šapašna |
| 2PL: | šapašda |
| 3PL: | šapašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šapaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šapaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šapašla |
| Sociative Plural: | šapašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šapašem | šapaš-βlak | šapaš-βlakem, šapašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | šapašemə̑n | šapaš-βlakə̑n | šapaš-βlakemə̑n, šapašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šapašemlan, šapašlanem | šapaš-βlaklan | šapaš-βlakemlan, šapašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šapašemə̑m | šapaš-βlakə̑m | šapaš-βlakemə̑m, šapašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šapašemla, šapašlam | šapaš-βlakla | šapaš-βlakemla, šapašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šapašemge | šapaš-βlakge | šapaš-βlakemge, šapašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šapaštem, šapašə̑štem | šapaš-βlakə̑šte | šapaš-βlakə̑štem, šapašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šapaškem, šapašə̑škem | šapaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | šapaš-βlakə̑škem, šapašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šapašešem | šapaš-βlakeš | šapaš-βlakešem, šapašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||