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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šapkagol |
| Genitive: | šapkagolə̑n |
| Dative: | šapkagollan |
| Accusative: | šapkagolə̑m |
| Comparative: | šapkagolla |
| Comitative: | šapkagolge |
| Inessive: | šapkagolə̑što |
| Illative: | šapkagolə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | šapkagoleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šapkagolem |
| 2SG: | šapkagolet |
| 3SG: | šapkagolžo |
| 1PL: | šapkagolna |
| 2PL: | šapkagolda |
| 3PL: | šapkagolə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šapkagol-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šapkagol-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šapkagolla |
| Sociative Plural: | šapkagolmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šapkagolem | šapkagol-βlak | šapkagol-βlakem, šapkagolem-βlak |
| Genitive: | šapkagolemə̑n | šapkagol-βlakə̑n | šapkagol-βlakemə̑n, šapkagolem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šapkagolemlan, šapkagollanem | šapkagol-βlaklan | šapkagol-βlakemlan, šapkagolem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šapkagolemə̑m | šapkagol-βlakə̑m | šapkagol-βlakemə̑m, šapkagolem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šapkagolemla, šapkagollam | šapkagol-βlakla | šapkagol-βlakemla, šapkagolem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šapkagolemge | šapkagol-βlakge | šapkagol-βlakemge, šapkagolem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šapkagolə̑štem | šapkagol-βlakə̑šte | šapkagol-βlakə̑štem, šapkagolem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šapkagolə̑škem | šapkagol-βlakə̑š(ke) | šapkagol-βlakə̑škem, šapkagolem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šapkagolešem | šapkagol-βlakeš | šapkagol-βlakešem, šapkagolem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||