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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ʃkala |
| Genitive: | ʃkalan |
| Dative: | ʃkalalan |
| Accusative: | ʃkalam |
| Comparative: | ʃkalala |
| Comitative: | ʃkalage |
| Inessive: | ʃkalaʃte |
| Illative: | ʃkalaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ʃkalaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ʃkalam |
| 2SG: | ʃkalat |
| 3SG: | ʃkalaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ʃkalana |
| 2PL: | ʃkalada |
| 3PL: | ʃkalaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ʃkala-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ʃkala-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ʃkalala |
| Sociative Plural: | ʃkalamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ʃkalam | ʃkala-βlak | ʃkala-βlakem, ʃkalam-βlak |
| Genitive: | ʃkalamən | ʃkala-βlakən | ʃkala-βlakemən, ʃkalam-βlakən |
| Dative: | ʃkalamlan, ʃkalalanem | ʃkala-βlaklan | ʃkala-βlakemlan, ʃkalam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ʃkalaməm | ʃkala-βlakəm | ʃkala-βlakeməm, ʃkalam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ʃkalamla, ʃkalalam | ʃkala-βlakla | ʃkala-βlakemla, ʃkalam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ʃkalamge | ʃkala-βlakge | ʃkala-βlakemge, ʃkalam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ʃkalaʃtem | ʃkala-βlakəʃte | ʃkala-βlakəʃtem, ʃkalam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ʃkalaʃkem | ʃkala-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃkala-βlakəʃkem, ʃkalam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ʃkalaʃem | ʃkala-βlakeʃ | ʃkala-βlakeʃem, ʃkalam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||