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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ʃpon |
| Genitive: | ʃponən |
| Dative: | ʃponlan |
| Accusative: | ʃponəm |
| Comparative: | ʃponla |
| Comitative: | ʃponge |
| Inessive: | ʃponəʃto |
| Illative: | ʃponəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ʃponeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ʃponem |
| 2SG: | ʃponet |
| 3SG: | ʃponʒo |
| 1PL: | ʃponːa |
| 2PL: | ʃponda |
| 3PL: | ʃponəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ʃpon-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ʃpon-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ʃponla |
| Sociative Plural: | ʃponmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ʃponem | ʃpon-βlak | ʃpon-βlakem, ʃponem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ʃponemən | ʃpon-βlakən | ʃpon-βlakemən, ʃponem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ʃponemlan, ʃponlanem | ʃpon-βlaklan | ʃpon-βlakemlan, ʃponem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ʃponeməm | ʃpon-βlakəm | ʃpon-βlakeməm, ʃponem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ʃponemla, ʃponlam | ʃpon-βlakla | ʃpon-βlakemla, ʃponem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ʃponemge | ʃpon-βlakge | ʃpon-βlakemge, ʃponem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ʃponəʃtem | ʃpon-βlakəʃte | ʃpon-βlakəʃtem, ʃponem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ʃponəʃkem | ʃpon-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃpon-βlakəʃkem, ʃponem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ʃponeʃem | ʃpon-βlakeʃ | ʃpon-βlakeʃem, ʃponem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||