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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šukš-kopšaŋge |
| Genitive: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑n |
| Dative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑lan |
| Accusative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑m |
| Comparative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑la |
| Comitative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑ge |
| Inessive: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑šte |
| Illative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šukš-kopšaŋgeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šukš-kopšaŋgem |
| 2SG: | šukš-kopšaŋget |
| 3SG: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑na |
| 2PL: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑da |
| 3PL: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šukš-kopšaŋge-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šukš-kopšaŋgem | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlak | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakem, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | šukš-kopšaŋgemə̑n | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑n | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakemə̑n, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šukš-kopšaŋgemlan, šukš-kopšaŋgə̑lanem | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlaklan | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakemlan, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šukš-kopšaŋgemə̑m | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑m | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakemə̑m, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šukš-kopšaŋgemla, šukš-kopšaŋgə̑lam | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakla | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakemla, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šukš-kopšaŋgemge | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakge | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakemge, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑štem | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑šte | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑štem, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šukš-kopšaŋgə̑škem | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑š(ke) | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakə̑škem, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šukš-kopšaŋgešem | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakeš | šukš-kopšaŋge-βlakešem, šukš-kopšaŋgem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||