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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šulka |
| Genitive: | šulkan |
| Dative: | šulkalan |
| Accusative: | šulkam |
| Comparative: | šulkala |
| Comitative: | šulkage |
| Inessive: | šulkašte |
| Illative: | šulkaš(ke) |
| Lative: | šulkaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šulkam |
| 2SG: | šulkat |
| 3SG: | šulkaž(e) |
| 1PL: | šulkana |
| 2PL: | šulkada |
| 3PL: | šulkašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šulka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šulka-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šulkala |
| Sociative Plural: | šulkamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šulkam | šulka-βlak | šulka-βlakem, šulkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | šulkamə̑n | šulka-βlakə̑n | šulka-βlakemə̑n, šulkam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šulkamlan, šulkalanem | šulka-βlaklan | šulka-βlakemlan, šulkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šulkamə̑m | šulka-βlakə̑m | šulka-βlakemə̑m, šulkam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šulkamla, šulkalam | šulka-βlakla | šulka-βlakemla, šulkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šulkamge | šulka-βlakge | šulka-βlakemge, šulkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šulkaštem | šulka-βlakə̑šte | šulka-βlakə̑štem, šulkam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šulkaškem | šulka-βlakə̑š(ke) | šulka-βlakə̑škem, šulkam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šulkašem | šulka-βlakeš | šulka-βlakešem, šulkam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||