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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šumba |
| Genitive: | šumban |
| Dative: | šumbalan |
| Accusative: | šumbam |
| Comparative: | šumbala |
| Comitative: | šumbage |
| Inessive: | šumbašte |
| Illative: | šumbaš(ke) |
| Lative: | šumbaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šumbam |
| 2SG: | šumbat |
| 3SG: | šumbaž(e) |
| 1PL: | šumbana |
| 2PL: | šumbada |
| 3PL: | šumbašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šumba-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šumba-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šumbala |
| Sociative Plural: | šumbamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šumbam | šumba-βlak | šumba-βlakem, šumbam-βlak |
| Genitive: | šumbamə̑n | šumba-βlakə̑n | šumba-βlakemə̑n, šumbam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šumbamlan, šumbalanem | šumba-βlaklan | šumba-βlakemlan, šumbam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šumbamə̑m | šumba-βlakə̑m | šumba-βlakemə̑m, šumbam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šumbamla, šumbalam | šumba-βlakla | šumba-βlakemla, šumbam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šumbamge | šumba-βlakge | šumba-βlakemge, šumbam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šumbaštem | šumba-βlakə̑šte | šumba-βlakə̑štem, šumbam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šumbaškem | šumba-βlakə̑š(ke) | šumba-βlakə̑škem, šumbam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šumbašem | šumba-βlakeš | šumba-βlakešem, šumbam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||