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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šuŋga |
| Genitive: | šuŋgan |
| Dative: | šuŋgalan |
| Accusative: | šuŋgam |
| Comparative: | šuŋgala |
| Comitative: | šuŋgage |
| Inessive: | šuŋgašte |
| Illative: | šuŋgaš(ke) |
| Lative: | šuŋgaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šuŋgam |
| 2SG: | šuŋgat |
| 3SG: | šuŋgaž(e) |
| 1PL: | šuŋgana |
| 2PL: | šuŋgada |
| 3PL: | šuŋgašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šuŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šuŋga-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šuŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | šuŋgamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šuŋgam | šuŋga-βlak | šuŋga-βlakem, šuŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | šuŋgamə̑n | šuŋga-βlakə̑n | šuŋga-βlakemə̑n, šuŋgam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šuŋgamlan, šuŋgalanem | šuŋga-βlaklan | šuŋga-βlakemlan, šuŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šuŋgamə̑m | šuŋga-βlakə̑m | šuŋga-βlakemə̑m, šuŋgam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šuŋgamla, šuŋgalam | šuŋga-βlakla | šuŋga-βlakemla, šuŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šuŋgamge | šuŋga-βlakge | šuŋga-βlakemge, šuŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šuŋgaštem | šuŋga-βlakə̑šte | šuŋga-βlakə̑štem, šuŋgam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šuŋgaškem | šuŋga-βlakə̑š(ke) | šuŋga-βlakə̑škem, šuŋgam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šuŋgašem | šuŋga-βlakeš | šuŋga-βlakešem, šuŋgam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||