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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | šüm-kə̑l |
| Genitive: | šüm-kə̑lə̑n |
| Dative: | šüm-kə̑llan |
| Accusative: | šüm-kə̑lə̑m |
| Comparative: | šüm-kə̑lla |
| Comitative: | šüm-kə̑lge |
| Inessive: | šüm-kə̑lə̑šte |
| Illative: | šüm-kə̑lə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šüm-kə̑leš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | šüm-kə̑lem |
| 2SG: | šüm-kə̑let |
| 3SG: | šüm-kə̑lže |
| 1PL: | šüm-kə̑lna |
| 2PL: | šüm-kə̑lda |
| 3PL: | šüm-kə̑lə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | šüm-kə̑l-βlak |
| Plural (2): | šüm-kə̑l-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | šüm-kə̑lla |
| Sociative Plural: | šüm-kə̑lmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | šüm-kə̑lem | šüm-kə̑l-βlak | šüm-kə̑l-βlakem, šüm-kə̑lem-βlak |
| Genitive: | šüm-kə̑lemə̑n | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑n | šüm-kə̑l-βlakemə̑n, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | šüm-kə̑lemlan, šüm-kə̑llanem | šüm-kə̑l-βlaklan | šüm-kə̑l-βlakemlan, šüm-kə̑lem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | šüm-kə̑lemə̑m | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑m | šüm-kə̑l-βlakemə̑m, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | šüm-kə̑lemla, šüm-kə̑llam | šüm-kə̑l-βlakla | šüm-kə̑l-βlakemla, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | šüm-kə̑lemge | šüm-kə̑l-βlakge | šüm-kə̑l-βlakemge, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | šüm-kə̑lə̑štem | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑šte | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑štem, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | šüm-kə̑lə̑škem | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑š(ke) | šüm-kə̑l-βlakə̑škem, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | šüm-kə̑lešem | šüm-kə̑l-βlakeš | šüm-kə̑l-βlakešem, šüm-kə̑lem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||